CHAPTER
ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
A
transformer is a magnetically coupled coil used in transmission of an electric
power.
This
coil may be electrically link, but not electrically linked as in two winding
transformer.
It
consists of primary winding and secondary winding which the number of turns
varies depending on the type of transformer. Transformers are operated by the
principle of mutual inductance between two separate coils wound on the same
core.
There
is also the step – up and step – down transformer. This work looks into the
construction of a step – up auto transformer.
auto –
transformer is the transformer that consists of only one is winding port of the
being common to both primary winding and secondary winding.
That
theory of an auto transformer and it operation is similar to that of the two
winding transformer, it has high efficiency where cheap (because it used less
copper) it is applicable where transformer ratio is little differs from unity.
I.
STANDARD
WIRE GUAGE: These are specific number of a wine (coil) it
is used in this project to gauge on 17 which has a diameter of 1.422m.
II. TRANSFORMER: It is
a cutout shape rubber material with a hollow in the center and with grove
around is to avoid electrical link between the core and the coil.
III. VOLTMETER: This
is the instrument used to measure the voltage across the circuit. It is
connected in parallel to the winding
IV. INSULATOR: These
are the material used to isolate two conductors from touching each other.
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
This transformer is a step – up transformer, it
help in stepping up voltage, because of the primary winding function and the
secondary winding function from the voltage rating to the normal rating is to
step – up voltage in the transformer.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
This transformer consists of only one winding
part of the common to both primary and secondary winding. It had high
efficiency and uses less copper, it is applicable where transformer ratio is
differ from unity. The primary winding is connected to the power source and the
other winding are secondary winding it help the transformer in increase the
voltage to the normal voltage rate.
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The R. Fienberg in “MODERN POWER TRANSFORMER PRACTICE” stated that a transformer has a
significance rate that transformer machine in bringing down the voltage rate
it’s the desire amount.
Transformer initially raises the generated
voltage for efficient transmission over long distance and there after decrease
the system voltage for local destruction and utilization.
1.5
LAMINATION
The transformer comprises of ‘E’ and ‘I’
laminated cores which was obtained from a scrub transformer and recycled. the
process of recycling involve washing of core with fuel to removed the unwanted
grease and then dry up and grease with new oil so as to prevent air gap. it
also comprise of coil which bought fresh one in the market, switches, connector
former and insulator to isolate the output and input wires from touching each
others.
1.6
DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
A transformer is a magnetically coupled with
coil as in show in fig.1.1, a transformer rescues input current and send output
voltage, be it step – up or step – down transformer it used in transmission of
an electric power.
1.6.1 STANDARD
WIRE GUAGE:
These are specific number of a wine (coil) it
is used in this project to gauge on 17 which has a diagram of 1.422m.
1.6.2
TRANSFORMER:
It is a cutout shape rubber material with a
hollow in the center and with grove around is to avoid electric link between
the core and the coil.
1.6.3
VOLTMETER:
This is the instrument used to measure the
voltage across the circuit. It is connected in parallel to the winding.
1.6.4
INSULATOR:
These are the material used to isolate two
conductors from touching each other.
1.6.5
CASING:
The outer cover of the transformer this serve
is from external hazard was made of metal as earlier stated in our previous
chapter.
1.6.6
THE SWITCH:
This is a mechanical advice used to open and
close a complete electric circuit. The multipurpose low voltage (AC)
transformers are connected via switch to the power supply.
The primary winding is connected to the power
source and the other winding are secondary winding
We have step – up transformer and step – down
transformer. But in this context emphasis will be lay on the step – up auto
transformer.
