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Relationship Between Hyoid Bone Dimensions and Neck Length Among Undergraduate Students

Abstract

The study examines the relationship between hyoid bone dimensions and neck length among undergraduate students, with emphasis on determining whether variations in the dimensions of the hyoid bone are associated with differences in neck length. The hyoid bone is a distinctive U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck and serves as an attachment site for several muscles involved in swallowing, speech, tongue movement, and stabilization of the upper airway. Understanding the relationship between hyoid bone dimensions and external neck measurements may contribute to knowledge of anatomical variation and provide useful information for clinical and radiological assessment of the neck region. The study will assess selected dimensions of the hyoid bone and determine their relationship with neck length among the study population. The specific objectives will include measuring the length and breadth of the hyoid body and selected dimensions of the greater and lesser cornua, determining the neck length of the participants using standardized anthropometric landmarks, and assessing the strength and direction of the relationship between hyoid bone dimensions and neck length. A cross-sectional descriptive research design will be adopted for the study. An appropriate sample of undergraduate students will be selected using a suitable sampling technique. Neck length will be measured using standardized anthropometric procedures and appropriate anatomical landmarks, while hyoid bone dimensions will be obtained through suitable imaging-based or anatomical assessment procedures. The data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, while correlation analysis and other appropriate inferential statistical techniques will be used to determine the relationship between hyoid bone dimensions and neck length. The study is expected to reveal measurable variation in both hyoid bone dimensions and neck length among the undergraduate students studied. A relationship may be observed between selected hyoid bone measurements and neck length, with some dimensions potentially demonstrating stronger associations than others. The findings may also show that certain hyoid bone dimensions vary independently of neck length, reflecting the influence of individual anatomical variation. The findings will be useful to anatomists, radiologists, otolaryngologists, forensic anthropologists, maxillofacial professionals, and other healthcare practitioners involved in the assessment of the neck and upper airway. The study may provide reference information on the relationship between an internal skeletal structure and an external anthropometric measurement, which may support the interpretation of anatomical and radiological findings. It may also contribute to the understanding of normal hyoid bone variation among young adults. The study will conclude by determining the nature and strength of the relationship between hyoid bone dimensions and neck length among undergraduate students. It is recommended that standardized anatomical and anthropometric procedures be used when assessing hyoid bone dimensions and neck measurements, while further studies involving larger and more diverse populations should be conducted to establish broader reference data on hyoid bone morphometry and its relationship with external neck measurements.

Keywords: Hyoid bone, hyoid dimensions, neck length, morphometry, anthropometry, undergraduate students, greater cornu, lesser cornu, hyoid body, neck anatomy, anatomical variation, skeletal measurements, radiology, forensic anthropology, upper airway.