Select Currency
Translate this page

INCIDENCE OF SALMONELLA AND ESCHERCHIA COLI IN LIVESTOCK.

Format: MS WORD  |  Chapter: 1-5  |  Pages: 75  |  2341 Users found this project useful  |  Price NGN5,000

  DOWNLOAD THE FULL PROJECT

INCIDENCE OF SALMONELLA AND ESCHERCHIA COLI IN LIVESTOCK.

 

ABSTRACT

This work is aimed at determining the incidence of bacterial injections such as Salmonella and Escherichia coli which cause health hazards to the poultry in their feeds. Sample feed were obtained from commercial mash operation/ pellet mill operation at New heaven and top feed at Ogbete main market Enugu. The samples were screened for total aerobic bacteria count, total coliform count and the characterization of the bacteria isolates carried out while indole test and citrate test were used to confirm the presence of Escherichia coli. The confirmation of salmonella isolates on Mac conkey agar was also done.

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The term poultry used in agriculture generally refers to all domesticated birds kepts for egg or meat production. These includes chickens (domestic fowls), Grallus domestics, turkeys, ducks and geese. This project will deal largely with the chicken which are the most common domestic fowl. The species of poultry are aptable or can survive in different environments therefore, they are widely distributed in the world, with great increase in population, the demand for goods especially protein food become acute. To meet the demand for animal protein and its development, rapid multiplying ones becomes very necessary. Poultry has so many advantages over other domesticated animal whose production is very much hindered by lack of money, high temperature, disease and lack of good at certain periods of the year.

The diseases of poultry is like the disease of other animals may be caused by: a. pathogenic organisms like bacteria and viruses, protozoa, worms and some members of arthropods

b. Nutritional deficiency, (c) From wound or cannibalism
The following diseases are usually associated with the fowls locally

1. New castle disease

2. Chronic respiratory diseases

3. Fowl typhoid

4. Coccidiosis

5. Fowl pox

The incidence of salmonella and Escherida coli simply means the extent to which the enteric organisms (Escherichia coli) that are part of the normal flora and incidentally causes disease and pathogenic organism (salmonella) affect the poultry feeds. Hill, D.H; and Davis, O.s; (1962). Shoening et al 1942). Defined diseases as any abnormal condition of the tissue of the body, the cells that make up the various tissue have specific functions to perform. Pekzar et al (1977) defined Salmonell is as a disease of the chick fowl and swim bird cause by some species or Salnaonells.  Anon (1963) described pullorum disease as an actute infection disease of body chicks caused by salnonella pullorum. Infection is the entering of the disease produces organisms into the animal. 

Livestock (Poultry )gets infected when pathogenic organisms passes to the susceptible animal through the through the following avenues. Esmat.omar 1977. 1. Feeds and contaminated water feed or water containing droppings or waste products of diseased animal will help spread the organisms to fresh hosts. The feeding troughs and watering vessels aso spread the diseases if not seperated. 2. Dropping or excretes: These material are the gateway out for some stages of oarganisms to go out of the host and get to fresh animal hosts. 3. Close contact – some disease spread by contact. Their agents may be external parasites or air borne in which case nearness to the superior’s birds increase the changes of getting the organisms 4. To or event the disease pathogenic organism from getting into the body of poultry, attention should be payed to those factors that influence their infections and spread. First and foremost, they should have disease resisting stock, provide good shelter, clean range, proper feeding and practise separating the unhealthy ones from the healthy poultry, quarantining new stock. In case of poultry, the brooder house should be 30m to 48m from old birds. Such that they gets good feed and sunlight. They should act be allowed to get in contact with their droppings or excretes since their dropping carry the pathogenic organisms. Sanitation is very important in poultry management by cleaning of water cans and feed troughs and finally disinfecting the stock to help reduce organic matter.

1.1 JUSTIFICATION

This study has been justified by the need and safety of consuming children (white meat) which has low cholesterol but rich in protein than beef which has high cholesterol. Also human beings and the world at large, benefit from our poultry farms where we have the layers (Egg producing Chiks) and the broilers (Heavy chicks) for consumption. The poultry (chicken) are rich in protein and amino acid needed for growth. Livestock feeds are formulated to a ratio for different species and classes of poultry. These are also feed additive, which may be added to the feed to prevent disease or make animals utilize feed better. Some ingredient concentrate is added to nourish the feed.

1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

1. To highlight the varius importance of the livestock (poultry) t human and our industries.

2. To determine the incidence of bacteria infection such as balmonella 
and Escherichia coli which cause health hazard to the poultry (Chiken).

3. To isolate and deduce effect of salmonella specie and Escherichia coli 
in livestock (poultry) and their feeds.

4. To advice poultry farmers on how to preserve and handle their farms 
feeds from infections diseases to the birds.

LIMITATION OF STUDY

This research work will be limited to the available materials for carrying out experimental work and also due to cost of transportation. This work will be limited to Enugu metropolis.

HYPOTHESIS

HYP. 10:- Salmonella and Escherichia coli are the major causes of bacteira infection found in livestock (poultry) feeds.

HYP. II: - salmonella only is the infection that effects the livestock (poultry) feeds.

HYP. II0:- Escherichia coli only is the bacteria infection that effects the livestock (poultry) feeds.)

STATEMNET OF PROBLEM

1. poultry feeds are infected during procession by handling, mixing of ingredient and exposing the raw materials and furnished products to the atmospheric micro organism.

2. Poultry (birds) are being infected through the consumption of the contaminated feeds and unpurified water

3. Also when the healthy and unhealthy birds are fed together from the some feeding trough and water vessels, eventually the pathogenic and the enteric organisms from infested ones may widely spread

4. Salmonella and Escherichia coli as the bacterial organisms effects the essential requirement of the body such as water, carbohydrate, fats, vitamin, minerals and protein thereby reducing the content of the nutrient needed for the food to the palatable and easily digestible

5. Consumers (humans) get infected by the in take of uncooked and half done chicken.

  DOWNLOAD THE FULL PROJECT

INCIDENCE OF SALMONELLA AND ESCHERCHIA COLI IN LIVESTOCK.

Not The Topic You Are Looking For?



For Quick Help Chat with Us Now!

+234 813 292 6373

+233 55 397 8005


HOW TO GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT ON INCIDENCE OF SALMONELLA AND ESCHERCHIA COLI IN LIVESTOCK. INSTANTLY

  • Click on the Download Button above.
  • Select any option to get the complete project immediately.
  • Chat with Our Instant Help Desk on +234 813 292 6373 for further assistance.
  • All projects on our website are well researched by professionals with high level of professionalism.

Here's what our amazing customers are saying

Abdul Mateen Iddrisu
UDS
At first I taught is a site full of fraudsters until I saw my project in my Gmail after my payment.. THANK YOU IPROJECTMASTER and May God the almighty bless u guys abundantly
Excellent
Abubakar Iliyasu Hashim
Federal college of education pankshin affiliated to university of jos
I am highly impressed with your unquantifiable efforts for the leaners, more grace to your elbow.I will inform my colleagues about your website.
Very Good
Azeez Abiodun
Moshood Abiola polytechnic
I actually googled and saw about iproject master, copied the number and contacted them through WhatsApp to ask for the availability of the material and to my luck they have it. So there was a delay with the project due to the covid19 pandemic. I was really scared before making the payment cause I’ve been scammed twice, they attended so well to me and that made me trust the process and made the payment and provided them with proof, I got my material in less than 10minutes
Very Good
Peace From Unilag
I cried not knowing how to go about my project but the day i searched online and saw iprojectmaster, i called and got my full project in less than 15minutes, i was shocked!
Excellent
Stancy M
Abia State University, Uturu
I did not see my project topic on your website so I decided to call your customer care number, the attention I got was epic! I got help from the beginning to the end of my project in just 3 days, they even taught me how to defend my project and I got a 'B' at the end. Thank you so much iprojectmaster, infact, I owe my graduating well today to you guys...
Excellent
Dau Mohammed Kabiru
Kaduna State College of Education Gidan Waya
This is my first time..Your service is superb. But because I was pressed for time, I became jittery when I did not receive feedbackd. I will do more business with you and I will recommend you to my friends. Thank you.
Very Good
Abdulrahman Jibrin
Nti Abaji
Nice one work prompt delivery tanx
Very Good
Gbadamosi Solomon Oluwabunmi
Lasu
Swift delivery within 9 minutes of payment. Thank you project master
Excellent
Ibrahim Muhammad Muhammad
Usmanu danfodiyo university, sokoto
It's a site that give researcher student's to gain access work,easier,affordable and understandable. I appreciate the iproject master teams for making my project work fast and available .I will surely,recommend this site to my friends.thanks a lot..!
Excellent
Adam Alhassan Yakubu
UDS
Excellent work and delivery , I promise to share my testimonies everyone in need of this kind of work. You're the best
Excellent

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

How do I get this complete project on INCIDENCE OF SALMONELLA AND ESCHERCHIA COLI IN LIVESTOCK.?

Simply click on the Download button above and follow the procedure stated.

I have a fresh topic that is not on your website. How do I go about it?

How fast can I get this complete project on INCIDENCE OF SALMONELLA AND ESCHERCHIA COLI IN LIVESTOCK.?

Within 15 minutes if you want this exact project topic without adjustment

Is it a complete research project or just materials?

It is a Complete Research Project i.e Chapters 1-5, Abstract, Table of Contents, Full References, Questionnaires / Secondary Data

What if I want to change the case study for INCIDENCE OF SALMONELLA AND ESCHERCHIA COLI IN LIVESTOCK., What do i do?

Chat with Our Instant Help Desk Now: +234 813 292 6373 and you will be responded to immediately

How will I get my complete project?

Your Complete Project Material will be sent to your Email Address in Ms Word document format

Can I get my Complete Project through WhatsApp?

Yes! We can send your Complete Research Project to your WhatsApp Number

What if my Project Supervisor made some changes to a topic i picked from your website?

Call Our Instant Help Desk Now: +234 813 292 6373 and you will be responded to immediately

Do you assist students with Assignment and Project Proposal?

Yes! Call Our Instant Help Desk Now: +234 813 292 6373 and you will be responded to immediately

What if i do not have any project topic idea at all?

Smiles! We've Got You Covered. Chat with us on WhatsApp Now to Get Instant Help: +234 813 292 6373

How can i trust this site?

We are well aware of fraudulent activities that have been happening on the internet. It is regrettable, but hopefully declining. However, we wish to reinstate to our esteemed clients that we are genuine and duly registered with the Corporate Affairs Commission as "PRIMEDGE TECHNOLOGY". This site runs on Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), therefore all transactions on this site are HIGHLY secure and safe!