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THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 INDUCED SCHOOLS' LOCKDOWN ON TEACHING AND LEARNING OF BIOLOGY IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN LAGOS STATE

Abstract

This study was on the effect of Covid-19 induced Schools’ lockdown on teaching and learning of Biology in Tertiary Institutions in Lagos State. The total population for the study is 200 students of selected higher institution in Lagos state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made final year student, year 4 students, year 3 students and year 2 students were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has no doubt adversely affected the global economy. It has forced many businesses to temporarily shut down and governments across the world to place a restriction on movement while exempting providers of essential services who are to strictly observe social distancing rules while providing services as a way to contain the spread of the virus. Unfortunately, the educational sector is a part of the receiving end. According to UNESCO, an estimated 1.725 billion learners have been affected as a result of school closures, representing about 99.9% of the world’s student population as of April 13th, 2020.

The severe short-term disruption is felt by many families around the world: home schooling is not only a massive shock to parents’ productivity, but also to children’s social life and learning. Teaching is moving online, on an untested and unprecedented scale. Student assessments are also moving online, with a lot of trial and error and uncertainty for everyone. Many assessments have simply been cancelled. Importantly, these interruptions will not just be a short-term issue, but can also have long-term consequences for the affected cohorts and are likely to increase inequality.

The recent outbreak of the Coronavirus pandemic increased the gaps in the education sector globally. Though, the Coronavirus pandemic is novel, but it already has noxious effects on humanity. COVID-19 outbreak has created educational disruptions, and global health concerns that proved very difficult to manage by global health systems. As at now,  no  nation  or  race across the world  is  immune  from the coronavirus  pandemic,  and the entire world seems  overwhelmed  by  the  speed  of  the  spread  and  the  devastating  effects  of  COVID-19.

Going to school is the best public policy tool available to raise skills. While school time can be fun and can raise social skills and social awareness, from an economic point of view the primary point of being in school is that it increases a child’s ability. Even a relatively short time in school does this; even a relatively short period of missed school will have consequences for skill growth. But can we estimate how much the COVID-19 interruption will affect learning especially learning/teaching of biology? Not very precisely, as we are in a new world; but we can use other studies to get an order of magnitude.

The COVID-19 epidemic sweeping the globe has affected millions of students, whose school closures have more often than not caught them, their teachers, and families by surprise. For some, it means missing class altogether, while others are trialing online learning often facing difficulties with online connections, as well as motivational and psychosocial well-being challenges. These problems point to a critical gap in school-based contingency planning within broader education sector preparedness planning and emergency management.( https://www.brookings.edu). Education sector preparedness aims to protect students and educators, plan for continuity of education, and safeguard education sector investments, all of which ultimately contribute to strengthened resilience through education.  The NCDC National Disease Control Center) Services preparedness guidance for school-based pandemic suggested that school-based outbreaks often give rise to community-wide outbreaks; thus, planning and practicing for such epidemics are an act of safeguarding not only the health of students and staff, but also of the wider community.

Based on this background the researcher wants to investigate the effect of Covid-19 induced Schools’ lockdown on teaching and learning of Biology in Tertiary Institutions in Lagos State

Statement of the Problem

The outbreak of corona virus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in Nigeria has increase the level of tension and anxiety among citizens in the country. The virus unlike other cases we have had in this country is highly transmittable with severe signs and symptoms. The issue of how to provide quality educational continuity remotely that supports not only learning and teaching of biology but also the psychosocial well-being of both students and educators is critical to effective preparedness and response. This lack of research on and guidance for planning educational continuity is disastrous, as education is itself a form of psychosocial support that promotes holistic well-being during crises. Intentional investment in education-based psychosocial support and social and emotional learning for children and youth affected by crises can help them learn more readily. Indeed, psychosocial well-being is a significant precursor to learning and has an important bearing on the future prospects of both individuals and societies.

This COVID-19 epidemic is surely not the last epidemic that will threaten school continuity, especially given research on how climate change will affect infectious disease occurrence. Schools must immediately update their emergency preparedness plans by developing contingency plans that not only address school-based prevention and safety measures for epidemics, but also identify ways to continue educating and supporting students and teachers if schools are closed.

Objective of the Study

The objectives of the study are;

To ascertain the relationship between corona virus disease (COVID-19) and educational activity.

To determine the effect of corona virus disease (COVID-19) on the student well being.

To ascertain the effect of COVID19 on teaching and learning of Biology in Tertiary Institutions in Lagos State.

Research Hypotheses

For the successful completion of the study, the following research hypotheses were formulated by the researcher;

H0: There is no relationship between corona virus disease (COVID-19) and educational activity

H1: There is relationship between corona virus disease (COVID-19) and educational activity

H02: There is no effect of COVID19 on teaching and learning of Biology in Tertiary Institutions in Lagos State

H2: There is effect of COVID19 on teaching and learning of Biology in Tertiary Institutions in Lagos State

Significance of the Study

The study on the effect of Covid-19 induced Schools’ lockdown on teaching and learning of Biology in Tertiary Institutions in Lagos State, will be of immense benefit to all the Nigeria citizens, the educational sector, and the federal government of Nigeria. The study will explore the prevalence of corona virus disease (COVID-19), the causes, and the effect of the corona virus disease (COVID-19) the Nigeria educational sector. The study will educate the masses on the mode of transmission of the corona virus disease (COVID-19) and the preventive measures to be adopted.  The study will educate the Nigeria government on the policy implementation to curb the prevalence of the corona virus disease (COVID-19) and how to improve the Nigeria economy during this period. The study will serve as a repository of information to other researchers that desire to carry out similar research on the above topic. Finally the study will contribute to the body of the existing literature on the impact of corona virus disease (COVID-19) on the Nigeria education.

Scope and limitation of the study

The scope of the study covers the effect of Covid-19 induced Schools’ lockdown on teaching and learning of Biology in Tertiary Institutions in Lagos State. The researcher encounters some constrain which limited the scope of the study;

a) AVAILABILITY OF RESEARCH MATERIAL: The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study.

b) TIME: The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

INFECTIOUS EPIDEMIC: Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi; the diseases can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another.

EDUCATIONAL SECTOR: The education sector or education system is a group of institutions (ministries of education, local educational authorities, teacher training institutions, schools, universities, etc.) whose primary purpose is to provide education to children and young people in educational settings.

COVID19: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus.

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