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Assessment of Laterite-Based Wall Construction for Contemporary Buildings

Abstract

Laterite-based wall construction has long been used in many regions because laterite is locally available, relatively affordable, and capable of providing useful thermal and structural properties when appropriately processed. With increasing interest in sustainable construction and the use of locally sourced materials, laterite-based wall systems have potential applications in contemporary buildings. However, concerns regarding durability, moisture resistance, material consistency, construction quality, and modern architectural requirements may limit wider adoption. This study assesses the suitability of laterite-based wall construction for contemporary buildings, with emphasis on its technical, environmental, economic, and architectural performance. The study examines the material characteristics of laterite and its application in different wall construction systems, including laterite blocks, stabilized earth blocks, compressed earth blocks, and other processed laterite-based units. Factors such as material composition, stabilization methods, block dimensions, wall thickness, surface treatment, and construction techniques are considered. The assessment also considers the relationship between laterite-based walls and conventional building components such as foundations, openings, roofing systems, finishes, and structural frames. Thermal and environmental performance are important aspects of the assessment. The study investigates the potential of laterite-based walls to regulate indoor temperatures through thermal mass and reduced heat transfer, particularly in warm-climate environments. Moisture absorption, drying behaviour, weather exposure, and protection against driving rain are also considered. The environmental implications of using locally sourced laterite are examined in relation to transportation requirements, embodied energy, material availability, waste reduction, and the broader objectives of sustainable building construction. The study further considers the structural and functional performance of laterite-based wall construction. Factors such as compressive strength, durability, resistance to cracking, surface stability, maintenance requirements, and compatibility with contemporary construction practices are examined. The influence of stabilization materials, workmanship, curing conditions, and protective finishes on wall performance is also considered. These factors are important in determining whether laterite-based systems can meet the performance expectations associated with modern residential, institutional, and commercial buildings. Economic and practical considerations are also assessed because they influence the feasibility of adopting laterite-based wall construction. Material availability, production costs, labour requirements, construction skills, maintenance costs, and the availability of suitable equipment are considered. The study identifies potential barriers, including inconsistent material quality, inadequate technical knowledge, limited standardization, negative perceptions of earth-based construction, and difficulties in achieving desired finishes. Addressing these challenges is necessary for improving confidence in laterite-based construction within contemporary architectural practice. The study concludes that laterite-based wall construction has considerable potential as a locally responsive and environmentally conscious building approach when appropriate material processing, stabilization, detailing, and construction practices are applied. Its successful integration into contemporary buildings requires attention to durability, moisture protection, thermal performance, structural requirements, quality control, and architectural expression. The findings are expected to contribute to sustainable construction strategies that encourage the responsible use of locally available materials while supporting functional, durable, comfortable, and contemporary building design.

Keywords: Laterite-based construction, contemporary buildings, laterite walls, sustainable construction, local materials, earth construction, stabilized earth blocks, thermal performance, material durability, moisture resistance, construction technology, material availability, environmental performance, sustainable architecture.