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Influence of Green Walls on Indoor Environmental Conditions

Abstract

The study examines the influence of green walls on indoor environmental conditions, focusing on how the integration of vertical vegetation within building interiors may affect thermal, air-quality, humidity, and visual conditions. Green walls are increasingly incorporated into building environments as a sustainable design strategy that combines vegetation with architectural surfaces. Their potential to modify indoor environmental conditions makes them relevant to the development of healthier, more comfortable, and environmentally responsive interior spaces. The study will assess selected characteristics of indoor green walls, including vegetation type, wall coverage, plant density, installation arrangement, location, irrigation method, and relationship with surrounding interior spaces. Indoor environmental conditions will be assessed using indicators such as air temperature, relative humidity, air movement, indoor air quality, and natural visual quality where applicable. The study will also consider occupant perceptions of comfort and the general environmental condition of spaces containing green walls. A descriptive cross-sectional research design will be adopted for the study. Selected buildings or interior spaces with green wall installations will be assessed using appropriate sampling procedures. Data will be collected through physical observation, measurements of green wall characteristics, indoor environmental monitoring, photographic documentation, and structured questionnaires administered to occupants or users of the selected spaces. The collected data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, while appropriate comparative or inferential tests may be applied where necessary. The study is expected to reveal variations in indoor environmental conditions associated with the presence and characteristics of green walls. Spaces with appropriately designed and maintained green walls may demonstrate moderated indoor temperatures, improved humidity conditions, and better perceived environmental comfort. The extent of these effects may vary according to plant density, wall coverage, irrigation practices, ventilation, room size, building orientation, material characteristics, occupancy, and other indoor environmental factors. The findings will be useful to architects, interior designers, landscape architects, building managers, environmental designers, and other professionals involved in sustainable building development and indoor environmental management. The study may provide useful information on the practical application of green walls as part of environmentally responsive interior design. It may also assist building professionals in considering vegetation placement, maintenance requirements, and indoor environmental performance when incorporating green walls into building spaces. The study will conclude by establishing the influence of green walls on selected indoor environmental conditions within the study area. It is recommended that green wall installations be appropriately designed, positioned, irrigated, ventilated, and maintained to support favourable indoor environmental conditions. Further studies involving different plant species, building types, climatic conditions, and longer monitoring periods are recommended to provide broader evidence on the environmental performance of indoor green walls.

Keywords: Green walls, indoor environmental conditions, vertical greenery, indoor air quality, thermal comfort, indoor temperature, relative humidity, air movement, indoor vegetation, sustainable design, biophilic design, green building, occupant comfort, environmental performance, interior architecture.