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Sexual Dimorphism in Sigmoid Colon Dimensions Among Undergraduate Students

Abstract

The study examines sexual dimorphism in sigmoid colon dimensions among undergraduate students, with emphasis on differences in the size and morphological characteristics of the sigmoid colon between male and female individuals. The sigmoid colon is the distal portion of the large intestine that connects the descending colon to the rectum and plays an important role in the storage and movement of fecal contents. Knowledge of its anatomical dimensions is important for understanding normal variation and may provide useful information for clinical, radiological, surgical, and anatomical assessment of the lower gastrointestinal tract. The study will assess selected dimensions of the sigmoid colon and determine whether measurable differences exist between male and female individuals within the study population. The specific objectives will include determining the length, diameter, and other appropriate dimensions of the sigmoid colon, documenting relevant morphological characteristics, comparing the measured dimensions between male and female groups, and identifying the dimensions that demonstrate notable patterns of sexual variation. A cross-sectional descriptive research design will be adopted for the study. An appropriate sample of undergraduate students or suitable anatomical specimens will be selected using a suitable sampling technique. Sigmoid colon dimensions will be obtained using standardized anatomical, osteological, imaging-based, or direct measurement procedures, depending on the assessment method employed. The data collected will be analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, while appropriate independent-group inferential statistical tests will be applied to determine whether observed differences between male and female groups are statistically significant. The study is expected to reveal measurable variation in sigmoid colon dimensions among the study population, with some dimensions potentially showing statistically significant differences between males and females. Differences may be observed in parameters such as length, diameter, and selected morphological characteristics, although some overlap between the groups may also occur. The findings are expected to demonstrate patterns of sexual dimorphism in sigmoid colon dimensions that may contribute to the understanding of normal anatomical variation. The findings will be useful to anatomists, gastroenterologists, general surgeons, radiologists, sonographers, and other healthcare professionals involved in the assessment and management of gastrointestinal conditions. The study may provide useful reference information for understanding sigmoid colon morphology, interpreting abdominal imaging, supporting selected surgical procedures involving the lower gastrointestinal tract, and improving recognition of normal anatomical differences between individuals. The study will conclude by documenting the pattern of sexual dimorphism in sigmoid colon dimensions among undergraduate students and identifying the measurements that demonstrate relevant differences between male and female groups. It is recommended that standardized anatomical and imaging-based procedures be used when assessing sigmoid colon dimensions, while further studies involving larger and more diverse populations should be conducted to establish broader anatomical reference data.

Keywords: Sigmoid colon, sexual dimorphism, colon dimensions, large intestine, gastrointestinal anatomy, sigmoid morphology, morphometry, anatomical variation, undergraduate students, sex differences, abdominal anatomy, colorectal anatomy, radiology, gastrointestinal surgery, anatomical measurements.