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Sexual Dimorphism in Carpal Tunnel Dimensions Among Undergraduate Students

Abstract

The study examines sexual dimorphism in carpal tunnel dimensions among undergraduate students, with emphasis on differences in selected morphometric parameters between male and female participants. The carpal tunnel is an osteofibrous passageway at the wrist formed by the carpal bones and flexor retinaculum, through which the median nerve and flexor tendons pass into the hand. Knowledge of variations in its dimensions is important for understanding wrist anatomy and for supporting the assessment of anatomical differences relevant to conditions and clinical procedures involving the carpal tunnel. The study will determine selected dimensions of the carpal tunnel among undergraduate students and compare the observed measurements between male and female participants. The specific objectives will include measuring the length, width, and depth of the carpal tunnel, determining the mean values of the selected dimensions for each sex, assessing the differences between male and female participants, and examining the relationship between the measured dimensions and selected anthropometric characteristics where applicable. A cross-sectional descriptive research design will be adopted for the study. An appropriate sample of male and female undergraduate students will be selected using a suitable sampling technique. Carpal tunnel dimensions will be assessed using standardized anatomical landmarks and appropriate imaging-based procedures, while relevant anthropometric measurements will be obtained using standardized instruments and techniques where applicable. The collected data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, with appropriate independent-group inferential tests used to assess differences between male and female participants. The study is expected to reveal measurable variation in carpal tunnel dimensions among the participants, with some dimensions potentially showing differences between male and female groups. However, considerable overlap in measurements may also be observed between the groups. The findings are expected to provide information on patterns of sexual dimorphism in carpal tunnel morphology without implying that sex alone determines individual anatomical dimensions. The findings will be useful to anatomists, radiologists, orthopaedic surgeons, neurologists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, and other healthcare professionals involved in the evaluation and management of the wrist and hand. The study may provide useful reference data on carpal tunnel dimensions and contribute to the understanding of anatomical variation that may assist in interpreting imaging findings and planning procedures involving the median nerve and flexor tendons. The study will conclude by documenting the selected dimensions of the carpal tunnel and the observed differences between male and female undergraduate students. It is recommended that standardized morphometric and imaging procedures be used when evaluating the carpal tunnel, while further studies involving larger and more diverse populations should be conducted to establish broader sex-specific anatomical reference data.

Keywords: Carpal tunnel, sexual dimorphism, carpal tunnel dimensions, wrist anatomy, median nerve, flexor retinaculum, flexor tendons, carpal bones, morphometry, anatomical variation, undergraduate students, sex differences, wrist morphology, radiology, anatomical measurements.