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Sexual Dimorphism in Nasal Septal Dimensions Among Undergraduate Students

Abstract

The study examines sexual dimorphism in nasal septal dimensions among undergraduate students, with emphasis on differences in selected morphometric measurements between male and female individuals. The nasal septum is a structural partition that separates the nasal cavity into right and left compartments and is formed by bony and cartilaginous components. It contributes to the structural support of the nose, regulation of airflow, and maintenance of the nasal airway. Understanding sex-related differences in its dimensions may provide useful information for anatomical, radiological, clinical, and forensic assessments of the nasal region. The study will assess selected dimensions of the nasal septum and compare the measurements between male and female undergraduate students. The specific objectives will include determining selected measurements of the cartilaginous and bony components of the nasal septum, assessing overall septal dimensions, identifying variations in septal configuration, and establishing whether significant differences exist between male and female participants. A cross-sectional descriptive research design will be adopted for the study. An appropriate sample of undergraduate students will be selected using a suitable sampling technique. Nasal septal dimensions will be obtained using standardized imaging-based or anatomical assessment procedures and appropriate anatomical landmarks. The collected data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, while appropriate independent-group statistical tests will be applied to compare the measurements between male and female participants. The study is expected to reveal measurable variation in nasal septal dimensions among the undergraduate students studied. Some selected measurements may demonstrate statistically significant differences between male and female participants, while other dimensions may show considerable overlap between the two groups. Variations may also be observed in septal configuration and the relative dimensions of its bony and cartilaginous components, reflecting normal anatomical diversity. The findings will be useful to anatomists, radiologists, otolaryngologists, rhinologists, maxillofacial surgeons, and other healthcare practitioners involved in the assessment and management of the nasal cavity and upper airway. The study may provide useful reference information on sex-related differences in nasal septal dimensions and support the interpretation of radiological findings and anatomical variations. The findings may also contribute to forensic anthropological assessments when nasal skeletal characteristics are considered alongside other established indicators. The study will conclude by documenting the pattern of sexual dimorphism in selected nasal septal dimensions among undergraduate students. It is recommended that standardized anatomical and imaging-based procedures be used when assessing nasal septal morphology, while further studies involving larger and more diverse populations should be conducted to establish broader sex-specific reference data on nasal septal dimensions.

Keywords: Nasal septum, sexual dimorphism, septal dimensions, morphometry, nasal cavity, bony septum, cartilaginous septum, anatomical variation, undergraduate students, nasal anatomy, radiology, otolaryngology, rhinology, forensic anthropology, sex-related variation.