Correlation Between Calcaneal Breadth and Foot Breadth Among Undergraduate Students
Abstract
The study examines the correlation between calcaneal breadth and foot breadth among undergraduate students. The calcaneus is an important bone of the hindfoot that contributes to weight bearing, stability, and the formation of the heel region, while foot breadth reflects the transverse dimension of the foot. Understanding the relationship between these measurements may provide useful information on foot morphology and anatomical variation among young adults. The study will determine calcaneal breadth and foot breadth among undergraduate students and assess the extent of correlation between the two measurements. Calcaneal breadth will be assessed using appropriate standardized anatomical landmarks and measurement procedures, while foot breadth will be measured across the widest portion of the foot using a suitable anthropometric technique. The measurements will be recorded systematically for each participant. A cross-sectional descriptive research design will be adopted for the study. Undergraduate students who meet the eligibility criteria will be selected using an appropriate sampling technique. Data will be collected through direct assessment of the feet using suitable instruments and standardized procedures. The collected data will be analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, while correlation analysis will be employed to determine the relationship between calcaneal breadth and foot breadth. The study is expected to reveal the distribution of calcaneal breadth and foot breadth among the participants and determine whether a measurable correlation exists between the two variables. The findings may demonstrate variations in calcaneal breadth corresponding with differences in overall foot breadth, thereby providing information on the relationship between hindfoot and whole-foot dimensions. The findings may be useful to anatomists, anthropologists, physiotherapists, podiatrists, orthopaedic practitioners, and footwear designers involved in the assessment of foot structure and function. The study may provide baseline anthropometric information that can contribute to understanding foot proportions and support comparative investigations of hindfoot and foot dimensions among young adults. The study will conclude by providing information on the correlation between calcaneal breadth and foot breadth among undergraduate students. It will recommend the use of standardized procedures for assessing foot dimensions and encourage further research involving larger and more diverse populations to improve understanding of relationships between skeletal and external foot measurements.
Keywords: Calcaneal breadth, foot breadth, calcaneus, foot morphology, foot anthropometry, hindfoot dimensions, foot dimensions, anatomical variation, lower limb, undergraduate students, young adults, skeletal dimensions, anthropometric measurements, foot structure, anatomical assessment.
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